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In this project I interpret how the ideas of gender performativity and compulsory heterosexuality can inform our understanding of college hook-up culture. I focus on the following questions: How do we use these hetero-gendered roles to make meaning of our experiences in hook-up culture? To what extent does the dominance of this script limit our ability to imagine alternatives to the hook-up? Through this analysis we can begin to address the problematic...
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In recent years, heritage sites all over the world have come under threat of destruction. From Afghanistan's Bamiyan Buddhas to Cornwall's 15th-century church, St. Stephen-by-Saltash, few heritage sites seem to be immune to the turmoil of our world. As a result of this sad fact, communities worldwide are facing the loss of cultural history brought about by the destruction of sites that have united them for years behind a shared sense of pride, identity,...
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The State of New Mexico established a water law system based on Prior Appropriation in 1848 through the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. This allocation system conflicted with the then current system of Equitable Apportionment. In 1907, the Acequia Act, which created unique bylaws for the Spanish acequia communities, helped to reduce the conflict. Acequias are gravity fed irrigation ditches used primarily by the Spanish population of Northern...
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A variety of field concussion tests have been developed to assess the athlete's ability to return-to-play following a concussion. It has been suggested that fatigue and environment may affect the results of these clinical tests. To measure the affect of environment and fatigue on the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) among collegiate football, women's soccer, and men's soccer athletes. This study...
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Histones and chromatin structure are vital for regulating gene transcription. Through previous work, a glycine to alanine mutation at position 13 (G13A) of the histone H4 tail was found to increase silencing of the yeast ADE2 gene, resulting in a red phenotype. Interestingly, this mutant was found to be able to "escape" this repression and become phenotypically white. The red and white phenotypes of the G13A mutant are being characterized in an attempt...
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Migratory ungulates, such as Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus elaphus) occupy a "keystone" ecosystem role, often defining terrestrial processes (Houston 1982; Sinclair 2003). Because of their critical ecosystem role, concern for the changing behavior in the elk's migratory habits is mounting (Schaller 1988; Berger 2004; Johnson et al. 2005). Often this change in behavior can be attributed to human encroachment. Human development and activities have caused...
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The binary star Algol is one of the most famous eclipsing binary stars in our night sky. Algol is useful because of its clockwork dimming every 2.87 days. This creates a frequent opportunity collect data using UBVRI filters during the primary eclipse, secondary eclipse, and non-eclipsing phases. Using the blackbody formula, a theoretical model of the number of counts for each filter and phase was created. When compared with the observed number of...
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Eolian and hydrologic dispersal of mine tailings is highly destructive to the health of surrounding ecosystems, watersheds, and subsequent local populations. The objective of the study was to examine cost effective methods to reclaim these increasingly common mining wastes in a manner which moves through productive stages while building towards a state of climax or historic ecological communities. Using soils collected from mine tailings local to...
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The purpose of this study was to examine EMG activity in the quadriceps at varying speeds when different weights are used as resistance. The two hypotheses tested state that there will be no difference in the EMG readings between tests of constant velocity when the resistance due to increased mass is high versus when the resistance is at a low level of mass and that there will be no difference in EMG readings or torque exhibited at each velocity....
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In some semi-arid regions, including the Rocky Mountains of western Colorado, climate change is predicted to cause a decrease in annual precipitation and increased temperatures. Climatic variations, including soil moisture availability, could have adverse effects on plant and pollinator communities. During the summer 2013 at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Gothic, Colorado, I investigated the effects of soil moisture availability on nectar...
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The translation of the Human T-cell Lymphoma Virus Type-I (HTLV-1) pol gene is dependent on a programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift. The HTLV-1 frameshift site consists of a heptanucleotide slippery sequence (UUUAAAC) followed by a spacer region and a downstream pseudoknot. During translation, the pseudoknot is thought to pause the ribosome over the slippery sequence. At that time, the tRNAs can repair in the -1 reading frame. This study focuses on investigating...
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Ribosomal frameshifting is defined as a shift in reading frame. During translation, a ribosomal frameshift (FS) can occur when the ribosome encounters a slippery sequence followed by a stable secondary structure. A slippery sequence specifically allows for the opportunity for tRNA repainring with the codons in the A- and P- sites of the ribosome. Retroviruses include programmed ribosomal frameshift (PRF) sites within their RNA, which increase viral...
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The Endangered Species Act (ESA) is one of the most recognizable pieces of environmental policy. Despite the Act's widespread reach, many species are still facing the threat of extinction, particularly due to development. One out of every three endangered species in the United States faces extinction due to urban development. This project examines the Florida panther (Puma concolor), coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), and Navasota ladies tresses...
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Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus that targets CD+ T-cells in humans. Within its RNA genome, it has two open reading frames that are only accessed through programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF). PRF is defined by a directed change to the ribosome's reading frame during the process of translation. Each PRF sites consist of two RNA elements: a heptanucleotide slippery sequence followed by a downstream...
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Bacterially contaminated water is a common source of infection in developing countries for various diarrheal diseases which infect millions annually. Therefore water filtration that is both cheap and effective has recently gained attention for its importance in preventing these diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine how effective homemade ceramic filters and sari cloth might be at removing bacteria. The study uses E. coli specifically...
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The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a specific glycemic index (GI) diet on performance in competitive cyclists. Several studies have shown that different meals of varying glycemic indexes can affect performance, but no there are no studies that examine performance using long-term GI regulated diet. Twelve subjects (9 males, 3 females) were randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group. Subjects were tested using...
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A portion of the contact between the 1.8 Ga Irving Formation and the younger Vallecito Conglomerate, including the Fall Creek Conglomerate, is recognized as a fault (Gonzales, 1988). However, previous studies have found conflicting evidence for its shear sense: Gonzales (1988) found outcrop-scale evidence for west-side-up shear, whereas Zinsser (2006) found thin-section-scale evidence for east-side-up shear. In order to resolve these conflicting observations,...
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of elliptical versus treadmill running machines and their effects on one mile race times. Subjects were apparently healthy individuals with previous history of running, both male and female ages 20-65 years of age. Participants were separated into three sub-groups, assigned a four week exercise program of three times per week for thirty minutes, and were pre and post tested using digital stopwatches...
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Several years ago my grandmother gave my father an old picture of several children and an older gentleman posed in front of a building. Looking at the photo, many questions raced through my mind. Upon the first round of informal questioning about the picture I realized that the photo was taken in front of an old one-room schoolhouse in the Walnut Creek area northwest of Prescott, Arizona. What makes this photo significant to my family and myself is...
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The practice of tattooing has often been met with a reaction of certain stigma from the Western perspective. The objective of this study is to illustrate a redefinition of the meaning of tattoo in an early 21st century global society. The information presented seeks to challenge the perceptions of tattooing in Western culture as a deviant practice and lead the observer to an understanding of a normative ritual based in cultures on every continent...